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Nandrolone Decanoate Wikipedia

Contents

Nandrolone decanoate
Medical uses
Dosages
Available forms
Non-medical uses
Contraindications
Side effects
Virilization
Overdose
Interactions
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics
Chemistry
History
Society and culture
Generic names
Brand names
Availability
Legal status
Research
References
Further reading
External links

Nandrolone decanoate
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**Structure and synthesis**

Nandrolone decanoate is the C17β ester of nandrolone (5α-androst-4-en-17β-ol), a 19-carbon steroid with an unsaturation at C4–C5. The decanoate group, derived from decanoic acid, increases lipophilicity and confers prolonged release when administered intramuscularly. In vitro esterases hydrolyze the bond to liberate nandrolone.

**Pharmacokinetics**

After a single 50 mg intramuscular injection in healthy men (age 18–30), plasma concentrations of nandrolone peak within 1–2 h and decline with an apparent half‑life of ~8 days, largely due to slow release from muscle depot. Cmax is typically 200–400 ng mL⁻¹; steady state is achieved after 4–6 injections spaced 7–10 days apart.

**Therapeutic indications**

1. **Anemia of chronic kidney disease** – when erythropoietin fails to achieve Hb targets, a 50 mg injection every 2 weeks improves hemoglobin and reduces transfusion need.
2. **Hypogonadism in men with androgen‑deficiency** – 50–100 mg every 4 weeks restores libido, muscle mass, and bone density without significant side effects.
3. **Cachexia in chronic illnesses (e.g., COPD, heart failure)** – improves appetite, weight gain, and functional status.

**Safety profile**

- **Common adverse events**: injection site reactions (pain, erythema), mild flu‑like symptoms; rarely, headaches or dizziness.
- **Serious events**: no major cardiovascular events reported in trials of >2 years; liver functi